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英語 高校生

なぜcanでは無いのですか?お願いします

words 1 /skin/ sékfon/ /tifu:/ míərm/ ases 1 ger A be necessary for you to give up any in in the near future. research studies G-A 2 Today, an incredible number been carried out all over the world this field. Scientists a working very hard and competing with one another to come u with faster and safer ways to create tissues such as skin from 3 At this point, one of the leading scientists in this area is D the patient's own body cells. a medica Yamanaka Shinya of Kyoto University. He was first doctor who treated back injuries, broken limbs, damaged joints and such. One day, he saw a woman with a serious disease in her joints. He was so shocked when he saw her swollen scientist. He misshapen joints that he decided to become a went into a basic study in order to find good ways to treat those ords 2 mpí:t/ ses 2 ther rds 3 crí:t/ Səri/ fm/ ant/ on/ on/ s 3 ch iPS Cells 1 If you have badly burned or red your skin, the doct may have to take a section of g skin from your back a Thanks to a growing however, it may no long medi sew it onto the injured area. technology called tissue engineeri: A w Wor sed R 6 The i and injuri damaged were ot 5 doctor very s into i they we 7 Dr 10 tissue cells u meth day t in th 15 Tho patients suffering from serious diseases and injuries. 4 One way to create tissue is to use egg cells, which have the ability to grow into any tissue in the body such as hair or muscle. This method, however, has produced a lot of debate. Many think it is wrong to treat live eggs as objects and then “kill them, even though the purpose is to treat patients. In addition people fear that this method could lead to human cloning. 5 For years, Dr. Yamanaka and his research team worked hard to find a different way to create tissue. Then, in 2007. they finally succeeded in creating heart muscle tissue from skin cells taken from a person's face. They first added four kinds of genes to the skin cells to put them back into their initial state, a state similar to egg cells. Then they made those cells grow into heart muscle tissue. The four genes they found are now called "Yamanaka Factors," and the initialized cells that can grow into any of the 200 cell types are called iPS cells. ma 20 on 18 th r 25時

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英語 高校生

全文訳お願いします!

4 20 科学 420 words Chapter 1 The recipe for making any creature is written in its DNA. So last year, when 1-1 geneticists* published the near-complete DNA sequence of the long-extinct woolly mammoth, there was much speculation about whether we could bring this giant creature back to life. 5 東京理科大学 Creating a living, breathing creature from a genome* sequence that exists only in a computer's memory is not possible right now. But someone someday is sure to try it, predicts Stephan Schuster, a molecular biologist at Pennsylvania State University and a driving force behind the mammoth genome project. So besides the mammoth, what other extinct beasts might we bring back to life? Well, 12 10 it is only going to be possible with creatures for which we can recover a complete genome Without one, there is no chance. And usually when a creature dies, the (1) - DNA in any flesh left untouched is soon destroyed as it is attacked by sunshine and bacteria. sequence. There are, however, some circumstances in which DNA can be preserved. If your 15 specimen froze to death in an icy wasteland such as Siberia, or died in a dark cave or a really dry region, for instance, then the probability of finding some intact stretches of DNA is much higher. Even in ideal conditions, though, no genetic information is likely to survive more than a million years. - so dinosaurs are out and only much younger remains are likely to yield good-quality DNA. "It's really only worth studying specimens that are less than 100,000 years old," says Schuster. The genomes of several extinct species besides the mammoth are already being sequenced, but turning these into living creatures will not be easy. "It's hard to say that something will never ever be possible," says Svante Pääbo of the Max Planck Institute 25 for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany, "but it would require technologies so far removed from what we currently have that I cannot imagine how it would be done." But then (3) 50 years ago, who would have believed we would now be able to read the instructions for making humans, fix inherited diseases, clone mammals and be close to creating artificial life? Assuming that we will develop the necessary technology, we have 30 selected ten extinct creatures that might one day be resurrected. Our choice is based not just on practicality, but also on each animal's "charisma" - just how exciting the prospect of resurrecting these animals is. 1-3

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英語 高校生

mainstreamⅢ chapter18 章末問題 解答教えてください!

6 Chapter 18 Comprehension a. On the basis of Gurdon's research, Yamanaka revealed that specialized cells from a mature Choose the appropriate answer. body can be transformed into iPS cells. frog. b. Gurdon placed cells from the skin of mice into an unfertilized egg cell of a c. Yamanaka took cells from the blood of mice and transformed them into a baby. d. The only difference between Gurdon's and Yamanaka's experiments was what cells they used. e. Organ rejection will no longer be a problem because it has become possible to develop organs from the patients' own cells. f. iPS cells will soon make it possible to cure all types of diseases. g. Yamanaka admits that iPS technology has done harm in some cases. h. Even as a scientist Professor Yamanaka believed that his mother saw his father's ghost. i. Professor Yamanaka has never thought of giving up research. found iPS ce j. What Professor Yamanaka wanted to say in the speech was what seems unfortunate at first may turn out to be fortunate in the end. not e mes B Choose the most appropriate main theme. a. John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka won the Nobel Prize because they helped each other for 40 years to create iPS cells. Chapter 18 | Minis SO 15 b. We should be careful about new technology because it takes time to put it into use and it can do harm. 24 c. Professor Yamanaka has experienced challenges in his life but they were also opportunities, one of which led to the Nobel Prize.

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