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木版画
鋳造
第3問
以下の文は、 S. Strandh の “Machines, an illustrated history" からの抜粋で
ある。 次の文を読んで、設問に解答せよ。
(ア) The tools of precision mechanics were, without doubt, the technical
pre conditions for making wood cuts and for the development of printing.
The oldest dated wood engraving is from 1418. It shows fine lines throughout
細部
and a richness of detal, which imply that the tools used, the knives, burins,
and so on, must have been eminently suitable At this time, it was only the
precision mechanics of clock making which could achieve the technique
required for such tools. 精密機械技術
(イ) A (woodcut was produced by transferring a drawing, reversed from left
to right, onto a carefully surface-ground "block" of wood, after which the
surface wood on either side of each line in the drawing was cut away with a
burin of forged steel. The remaining wood on all 'surfaces which were to be
white in the drawing were then cut away with gravers and gouges, so that
the lines of the drawing became raised. They were then inked and pressed
against paper.
これは
理由では
ないから、
(~のときに、何
が原因か
は不明)
The woodcut method spread rapidly in the late Middle Ages when pictures
were rarity. At first, skilful craftsmen made the woodcuts, but before long,
eminent artists were themselves cutting their own drawings in wood. One
of the first was the German Albrecht Duerer (1479-1528) who, in 1498,
published the famous pictorial series of the Revelation of St. John. Graphics
had become an independent art form-based on the progress of precision
酒の
mechanics!
可動式の
The 1440s saw the first book printed with movable die-cast type. (The
letter press printing method used by Johann Gutenberg (1399?-1468) was
basically the same as the one used for printing woodcuts, but Gutenberg
used cast, movable type instead of cut blocks. The production of dies for the
type was made possible by the tools of precision mechanics, too. It does not
detract from Gutenberg's contribution that printing with movable type has
been practised in the Far East, or more specifically Korea, two thousand
years prior to this.
Several of the techniques described here, which
developed so quickly during the technical revolution of the Renaissance, had
had predecessors in other parts of the world.
'
金楼
にねじ
を刻む
道具
~をなら
K
あったもの
