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生物 大学生・専門学校生・社会人

至急お願いいたします🚨 生物の質問です。 ミトコンドリアの経路についての説明だと思うのですが、電子オーバーフローモデルと電子分布モデルの違いを教えていただきたいです。 また、どういう仕組みなのか、何故このように電子が流れるのかも教えていただきたいです。 UQ poolはユ... 続きを読む

(A) Electron overflow model (considered out-of-date) Alt UQ pool Alternative oxidase inactive. Alt No alternative pathway activity Cytochrome pathway unsaturated Cyt (B) Electron distribution model (reflects current thinking) UQ pool Cyt Alternative pathway active Cytochrome pathway saturated Alt Alternative oxidase active Alt UQ pool Cyt Cyt Figure 14.33 Two models for regulation of electron flow through the alternative oxidase. (A) In the electron overflow model, no appreciable electron transfer through the alternative pathway takes place until electron flow through the cytochrome pathway is at or near satu- ration. This could result from the effects of respirato- ry control, if the rate of mitochondrial ATP produc- tion exceeds its rate of utilization in the cytosol, or from some externally imposed stress, such as low temperature. Under such circumstances, the UQ pool becomes sufficiently reduced to allow electrons to flow through the alternative oxidase, the latter re- quiring that the UQ pool be 40% to 60% reduced to attain significant activity. (B) In the electron distribu- tion model, the alternative and cytochrome path- ways both show significant activity at low levels of UQ pool reduction, and electrons are distributed be- tween the two pathways on the basis of the relative activities of each pathway. The activity of the alter- native oxidase under these circumstances is thought to be regulated by the action of a-keto acids and by reduction/oxidation of the intermolecular disulfide bond, as well as by additional regulatory mecha- nisms not yet characterized.

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英語 高校生

これの100字要約日本語でしていただけませんか?

5 19 A concerted drive to reduce obesity in one Australian town resulted in a whole generation of slimmer, faster, and healthier children, researchers reported yesterday. They said that the program, a simple mixture of persuasion and (A)incentives, was astonishingly successful. It led to 2,000 children gaining less weight, watching far less television, taze (and playing more sports. The "Be Active, Eat Well" project, conducted by Deakin University in the small town of Colac, 150 km southwest of Melbourne, ended with Colac's children weighing an average of one kilogram less than the norm for Australian children of their age. Their waistlines were an ウェスト average of cm smaller - 2 cm for boys and 4 cm for girls. Professor Boyd Swinburn from Deakin University in Melbourne said yesterday that the Colac experiment had proved to be "astonishingly successful." It was the first such program in the world to report significant reductions in waistline and weight. Professor Swinburn said: "Most people would think individual weight loss of one kilogram is not much, but here we're talking about shifting the weight of a couple of thousand kids, and 15 that's actually quite (B) phenomenal. In fact, across a population, that is absolutely huge." The experiment began three years ago when the university researchers descended on Colac's population of about 10,000 people, urging parents, teachers, doctors, and local fast-food outlets to support changes for all children aged between 4 and 12. The program included opening up more after-school activity centers for children and introducing 20 brightly colored lunch packs that contained a pitta salad wrap*¹ and fruit tub2. Parents were encouraged to (c) monitor strictly the amount of time their children watched television or walk or cycle to They were asked to encourage their children spent on computers. (3) school rather than drive them. While the researchers had hoped to cut television viewing by 10 percent, the final results 25 reported children's television viewing had dropped by 21 percent and soft drink consumption by 70 percent. There was an increase of almost 70 percent in the number of children participating in after-school sports. 10 7. ★★★ 参照チェックノート p.38 414 words 56 早稲田大学 Even the town's fish and chip shop owner switched from using animal fats to sunflower oil. He reduced the saturated fats3 in chips from 49 percent to 9.1 percent. The other fast-food outlets 30 also switched from animal fats, leading to a cut in saturated fats consumed in the town of 55 kg a week. Adults then began to follow their children's example, and the local self-defense academy went from 16 members to 75. pitta satu 1 (A (

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英語 高校生

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RELATIVE CLAUSES 1)That's the sheep ……I saw yesterday. 2)He bought the 5.- Mary was the girl had a bath. 3) Paul is the boy 4)Iwashed my car souvenirs he … calculator I'm … was very dirty. a)who wanted. using. a) whose a) which b) who c)whom a) who b)that c)whose a)whom b)which c) whose b)whose b) who c)that c) which a 7.- Anne hasa 9.-The book we 10.-Ten o'clock is the time I go 6.- The birthday … 8.- Julio is the er. person with he is working there. we ate was delicious. school bag she read in bed is carries her books. fantastic. home. a)which b)who c)where a)who b)where c)that a)whom b) which c) who a)which b)whose c)who a) whose b) when c) who 0S. 15.-Those are the 13.-Tobby was the dog died last night. 11. - She opened the 12.-I visited Notre 14.-He had the box.. she received. accident he grapes We bought Dame.. is in Paris. was skiing. a) that b) where c) who a) who b) which c)where a)which b)when c)whom a)when b)who c)where a) where b that c)when ect 19.-The girl.. 20.- The armchair 16.- They are the me children . parents 17.-My dad did the 18.-The man was asked the question …… he sat down laundry was in the basket. in charge of the are Dutch.oid factory wasn't was my sister. was green. Roger. a)who b)whose c)where a)where b)whom c)who a) which Women a)who a)where to? b)who b)who of stars c)when b) whom The one or Tivse c)whom c)whose 21.-He 22.-Eric is a French 23.-An architect is 24.-The day .. we 25.-The house Wore a costume man ..wife is somebody. meet was raining. we lived was was strange. Spanish. designs buildings. enormous. a) where b)which c)who a)which b)who c)whose a)who b)when c)whom a)whom b)when c) which a)which b)when c)where 29.- Lola called a 30.-The kid played 26.-The film I saw 27.-Sushi is food 28.He played friend was in video games..…… was frightenng. …… Japanese eat. football he met Amsterdam. belonged to dad. his friends. a)that a)which a)which a)whom a)whom b)who b)where b)who b)who b) who c)where c)who c)when c)where c)which

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