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物理 高校生

赤線のところが分かりません。なぜ254~314s間に供給された熱量を考えるんですか?その後に「水と容器の温度が0℃から20℃まで上昇する」と書いてあるならそれなら32sから0℃なんだから時間の区間は32sから314sですよね?

発展例題23 氷の比熱 質量 400gの氷を熱容量120J/Kの容器に入れ,容 器に組みこんだヒーターで熱すると,全体の温度は 図のように変化した。 熱は一定の割合で供給され, すべて容器と容器内の物質が吸収したとし、水や氷 の水蒸気への変化は無視できるものとする。 また, 水の比熱を4.2J/ (g・K) とする。 (1) ヒーターが供給する熱量は毎秒何Jか。 (2) 氷1gを融解させるのに必要な熱量は何Jか。 (3) 氷の比熱は何J/ (g・K) か。 指針 (1) 254s 以降の区間では、 氷はす べて水に変化している。 水と容器の温度上昇に 必要な熱量から, ヒーターが毎秒供給する熱量 を求める。 E (2) 温度が一定の区間 (32~254s) では,供給さ れた熱量はすべて氷の融解に使われる。 これか ら, 氷1gの融解に必要な熱量を求める。 (3) 氷と容器の温度が上昇する区間 (0~32s) で, 温度上昇に必要な熱量から, 氷の比熱を求める。 解説 (1) 水と容器をあわせた熱容量は, 400×4.2 +120=1.8×103J/K 254~314sの間に供給された熱量で, 水と容器 の温度が0℃から20℃まで上昇するので, ヒー ターが毎秒供給する熱量をQ〔J〕 とすると, ↑ 温度 [℃] 201 0 -20 /32 254314 時間 (s) (1.8×103)×(20-0)=Qx (314-254) Q=6.0×102J (2) 32~254sの間に氷はすべて融解した。 氷1 gを融解させるのに必要な熱量をx [J] とすると, 400× x = ( 6.0×102) × (254-32) 3/9070 x=3.33×102 J 3.3×102J (3) 氷の比熱をc[J/ (g・K)〕 とすると, 氷と容器 をあわせた熱容量は, 400×c +120〔J/K] 0~32s の間に供給された熱量で, 氷と容器の温 度が-20℃から0℃まで上昇するので, ( 400×c +120) x{0-(-20)} =(6.0×102) × ( 32-0) c=2.1J/(g・K)

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英語 高校生

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