赤線部分についてです。私は｢any species｣を｢いかなる種｣と訳したのですが、日本語訳や解説を見るに、"any species"は"a species"という意味を表してるそうです。今までanyにひとつの物を限定するイメージを持っておらず、調べてもあまり理解できなか... Read More

2 Unit 20-Cognitive Linguistics- | 519 words / 筑波大 1 識別 One of the most important things that language does for us is help us make distinctions. implicitly, automatically all other When we call something edible, we distinguish it from - R オ 2 5 things that are inedible. When we call something a fruit, we necessarily distinguish it from vegetables, meat, dairy, and so on. 初期の人 組織した。彼らの精神と 基本的な私たちがまた 有効的に ② (1) Early humans organized their minds and thoughts around basic distinctions/that we still make and find useful. One of the earliest distinctions made was between now/and not-now; / these things are happening in the moment these other things happened in the past and are now in my memory. No other species makes this self-conscious distinction among past, present, and future. Of course many species respond to time by building nests, flying south, hibernating", 10 mating but these are preprogrammed, instinctive behaviors and these actions are not the 物体の永抂 result of conscious decision, meditation, or planning. 13 Simultaneous with an understanding of now versus before is one of (2) object permanence: Something may not be in my immediate view, but that does not mean it has ceased to exist. Our 存在をつかむではない? 何かはすぐには見えないかも brains represent objects that are here-and-now as the information comes in from our sensory 2 15 receptors For example, we see a deer and we know through our eyes that the deer is standing n& right before us! When the deer is gone we can remember its image and represent it in our mind's eve, or even represent it externally by drawing or painting or sculpting it. Jon 上の 4 This human capacity to distinguish the here-and-now from the here-and-not-now.showed up 初の記校 なだがここにあって、何がここにあったか at least 50,000 years ago in cave paintings. (3) These constitute the first evidence of any species on 芝援 識別 ひきる 120 earth being able to explicitly represent the distinction between what is here and what was here. In as other words those early cave-dwelling Picassos, through the very act of painting, were making a distinction about time and place and objects, an advanced cognitive operation we now call mental representation* And what they were demonstrating was an articulated sense of time: There was a deer out there (not here on the cave wall of course). He is not there now, but he was there before. 25 Now and before are different; here (the cave wall) is merely representing there (the meadow in front of the cave). This prehistoric step in the organization of our minds mattered a great deal. 5 In making such distinctions, (4) we are implicitly forming categories, something that is often す overlooked The formation of categories in humans is guided by a cognitive principle of wanting 多くの何報をできる! 325 h to encode as much information as possible with the least possible effort. Categorization systems optimize* the ease of conception and the importance of being able to communicate about those hibernate 冬眠する sensory receptor: 感覚受容器 (体の周囲の環境情報を感知する受容器の総称。 目、鼻、耳など) cognitive : 認識の mental representation 的表象(例えば人が「イヌ」を考えるとき、それは頭の中で文字でも映像でも 音でもない 何らかの形で思い描かれるが,この「頭の中の記号」のことを心的表象という) encode:・・・を記号化する optimize ... を最大限にする permeate : ･･･ に広がる 英 6 音

that と which がそれぞれ接続詞？関係詞？なのかよくわからないのでどなたか解説お願いします。

The evidence of history is strong, that those societies are most creative and progressive which protect the expression of new ideas.

The end of the story where the main characters finally meet was very romantic. の文で、The end of story に付くのがwhichではなくwhereなのはどうしてですか？

添削お願いします💝

Although a friendly letter should be light-hearted and avoid familiar complaints and personal problems, there are times when you have to tell bad news. Don't use the shock approach. Prepare the reader with some introductory hints, then tell the full story, so your letter won't give the impression that there is worse to come. [全文訳】 親しみのこもった手紙は快活な内容が良く、ありふれた不平および個人的な 問題は避けるべきであるが, 悪い知らせを伝えなければならないときもある。 (そん なときは) 動揺を与える知らせ方をしてはいけない。 読む人があなたの手紙でもっと 悪い話があるという印象を受けないように, (読む人に) いくつか前置きとなるヒン トを与えて心の準備をさせてから全部を伝えなさい。 33 33

この文で（1）になぜinがはいるのですか？私はonだと思いました。 onを選んだ理由は、歴史の上にあるって思ったからです。

There are 1.42 million lakes in the world, and 62% of them are in Canada. Along with these many lakes are thousands of rivers. Today, 70% of North America's large rivers without dams are in Canada. In short, (A) Canada is covered by a lot of water. If you think about how much water there is in Canada, it is not surprising that a small boat, called a canoe, a big role ( 1 ) the history and development of the has played a big role country. 19~ 1980 role small boat with an open top that can move quickly and (B)-

下線部添削お願いします(｡>人<)

Some suggestions on how to encourage laughter for healing: instead of flowers, send the patient a funny novel, a book of jokes, a silly toy or humorous that you can tell the patient about. Arrive at the bedside with a funny story | audio or video tape. Keep on the lookout for humorous happenings and stories instead of a complaint about the terrible traffic or the parking problem. 【全文訳】治療のために笑いを促す方法についてのいくつかの提案。 患者には花ではな くこっけいな小説,笑い話の本, ばかげたおもちゃ,あるいはユーモアのある録音 テープかビデオテープを送りなさい。 患者に話せるようなユーモアある出来事及 物語を心がけて捜しなさい。 病床に行くときには交通状況のひどさとか駐車するの が大変だったことについて不満を言わないで, おもしろおかしい話をしなさい。 【解説】第1文では how to... という 〈疑問詞 + to > が前置詞 onの目的語になっ いる。 on 以下は suggestions に対する修飾語。 コロン以下の最初の or は nove 22

誤リを含んでいる下線部がどれなのか教えていただきたいです。よろしくお願いします。

[a]. Documentary film began in the last years of the nineteenth century with the first films ever projected, and it can take many forms. It can be a trip to exotic lands and lifestyles, as was Nanook of the North (1922). It rainy day, can be a visual poem, such as Joris Ivens's Rain (1929)—a story about a is set to a piece of classical music, in which the storm echoes the structure of the music. It can be an artful piece of propaganda. [b] [c]. Soviet filmmaker Dziga Vertov, who proclaimed that fiction cinema was poisonous and dying and that documentary film was the future, made Man [d]. [e] with a Movie Camera (1929) as propaganda both for a political regime and for a film style.

問2の文中に出てくるagainとはどこのことを指しているんでしょうか？ 彼が1回目、2回目にトルフィーを見たところはそれぞれ黄色線部のところですか？

szor pri ni ate no soim bias glad av b 2 When he looked at the trophy again, Dan started to figure out similar to 13 how his mother found the short stories al of AMⱭ benimas 2 the reason he is different from his grandmother atrod 3 what his grandmother did on some weekends adi buo 1011 4 why his family members encouraged him to enter university AV avoiled and dat The

この英文を正確に並び替えて欲しいです。 よろしくお願いします🙇‍♀️

12. That is the funniest story [①ever / 2 have/③ heard / ④I].

答え合ってますでしょうか😭😭

さいご 11. "How ( ) will the train come in?" how soon (残り時間)あとどのくらいの時間でんするん "In a quarter of an hour." 1 often 2 soon 3 long At much 12. Do you know when ( ) our homework? Do you know pobo...?. 13.( 1 does the teacher usually give back 2 usually gives back the teacher 3 does usually teacher gives back 4 the teacher usually gives back ) is the best person for this job? Do you think who 3 Who do you think 14. Your aunt hardly ever leaves her house, ( 1 is she <疑問詞を知ってますか? do You 麻布大〉 <東邦大 > think <疑問詞)~を知っていますか 2 Of who do you think 4 Is he you think (9396 〈中京大) itası ?否定文には肯定形の付加疑問をつづける ② does she isn't she④ doesn't she (1) 15. She looks nice in the dress, ( ①doesn't she 16. Let's break for lunch, ( 17. ( (大博込) I do you isn't she ?肯定文には否定形の付加疑問をつづける onitsb jon 290b 3 don't you w 4 is she <駒澤大〉 )? Let'sで始まる命令の付加疑問はshall we?で表す om oy blue S☐ 2 don't you 3 will you ow ④ shall we 〈関西外国語大〉 ) was it like visiting Tokyo for the first time in fifteen 1 What years? What is S like? 2 How to W & 3 When 4 That はどのような~で特 18. How ( ma (1) long story 2 much you didn't go to the party? How come+平叙衣…?どうして~するのですか ☐ 19. ( ) did Tom go to Hokkaido for? What ... for?何のために~するのですか〈目的・理由> 3 far odw (9) ④come 〈日本大〉 (ART How 2 What or W & 3 When W④Where 〈南山大 >