速読英単語上級編の2番の部分で、かぎかっこしている部分の解釈？が分かりません😭 そして、in which のinは何に掛かっているのでしょうか？教えて下さいm(_ _)m

2 蝶が互いを見分ける方法(1) [科学] O- 目標時間 1分24秒 音声 1 The clearest evidence for the role of color in sexual attraction butterflies comes from studies of species in which males and among to mate females have distinctly different appearances. Obviously, successfully, individuals must be able to determine whether other 5 conspecific butterflies are of their own or of the opposite sex. The rest, i. ald it can be argued, is fine-tuning. 2 A gorgeous butterfly species whose males and females differ in color is the Little Yellow, Eurema lisa. Both sexes appear an identical yellow to the human eye, the shade being produced by pigments in 10 the tiny scales that cover the butterflies' translucent wings. Males and females look quite different to butterflies, however, which perceive light at wavelengths beyond the human visible range and into the ultraviolet. Yellow wing scales on the upper surface of the males' wings reflect ultraviolet light, and those of females do not. (144 words)

①赤いマーカーで引いてある部分（3箇所）の文構造 ②2枚目の写真の赤く囲んであるtoについて訳し方、用法等 ③2枚目の写真の、赤いアンダーラインが引いてあるin existanceの訳し方等 以上の３つを解説いただきたいです🙇たくさんすみません💦よろしくお願いします🙏

Note: This is not a word-for-word transcript. Neil Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil. Beth And I'm Beth. Neil Shhh! Quiet please! I'm trying to read here, Beth! Beth Oh, excuse me! I didn't know this was a library. Neil Well, what exactly is a library? Have you ever thought about that? Beth Well, somewhere with lots of books I suppose, where you go to read or study. Neil A symbol of knowledge and learning, a place to keep warm in the winter, or somewhere to murder victims in a crime novel: libraries can be all of these things, and more. Beth In this programme, we'll be looking into the hidden life of the library, including one of the most famous, the Great Library of Alexandria, founded in ancient Egypt in around 285 BCE. And as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary, and doing it all in a whisper so as not to disturb anyone! Neil Glad to hear it! But before we get out our library cards, I have a question for you, Beth. Founded in 1973 in central London, the British Library is one of the largest libraries in the world, containing around 200 million books. But which of the following can be found on its shelves. Is it: a) the earliest known printing of the Bible? b) the first edition of The Times' newspaper from 1788? or, c) the original manuscripts of the Harry Potter books? Beth I'II guess it's the first edition of the famous British newspaper, 'The Times'. Neil OK, Beth, I'll reveal the answer at the end of the programme. Libraries mean different things to different people, so who better to ask than someone who has written the book on it, literally. Professor Andrew Pettegree is the author of a new book, 'A Fragile History of the Library'. Here he explains what a library means to him to BBC Radio 3 programme, Art & Ideas: Andrew Pettegree Well, in my view, a library is any collection of books which is deliberately put together by its owner or patron. So, in the 15th century a library can be 30 manuscripts painfully put together during the course of a lifetime, or it can be two shelves of paperbacks in your home. Beth Andrew defines a library as any collection of books someone has intentionally built up. This could be as simple as a few paperbacks, cheap books with a cover made of thick paper.

（10）は正文です。（10）の英文は分詞構文なのですが、the house が主語になるとするとstand は状態動詞なので進行形にならないのですか？誤文だと思ってしまいました。 分詞構文の理解がいまいちなので変なこと言っていたらすみません。よろしくお願いします🙇‍♀️

(10) ○ 「あのとおり丘の上に建っているので、その家は見晴らしが良い」 → as it does の does は動詞 stands の代動詞。 Standing~と分詞構文になって いるため、as it is とすべきだと誤解しがちだが、ここでは does を用いるのが 正しい用法。 Doing ~ as A do (does / did) 「実際Aは〜なので」 command a fine view 「眺めがよい」 は〜なので」(S)× 150日 yabd wan または (E) O

数1の数と式の問題です。 マーカーを引いた部分の式がなぜこのようになるのかを教えていただきたいです。

昌樹 (3)x+y+23 簡単にせよ。 =(x+y+z)(x2+y+z-xy-yz-zx) +3xyz が成り立つから (2) より x+y+z=2√2+1){7-(2√2+1)}+3 =2(2√2+1)(3−√2)+3=10√2+1 x,y,z (3つの文字) に関する対称式, 基本対称式 + JoJ この等式は、入試問題で はよく使われる。 覚えて おこう! 上の (1)~(3) では x, y, zのどの2つを入れ替えてももとの式と同じになる。これらを x, 検討 y,zの対称式という(p.35, 55 参照)。 学 業の左取を また,x+y+z, xy+yz+zx, xyz をx, y, zの基本対称式といい,x,y,zの対称式は, これら基本対称式を用いて表されることが知られている。 例えば, 次の等式が成り立つ。 Motor tx²+y²+z²=(x+y+2)²-2(xy+yz+zx) x3+y+=(x+y+2) ³-3(x+y+z)(xy+yz+zx)+3xyz MS

※3 定義されるがダメな理由を教えてください。

15 関係代名詞 arron osad sade ed 15 人称代名詞に置き換えて語順 ) 本日 本どおり読む ② [What you see or hear] is often defined 〈by the character (of S→ O' S' V' M₁ of V M2→ the language { 〈through which〉 you perceive it})〉. M' S' V' 日本語訳例 見たり聞いたりすることは,それをとらえる際のフィルターとなる言語の性質 ※4 ※1 によって規定されることが多い。 ※3 *2 ※1 you は「一般論を示す you」 なので 「あなた」 とは訳しません。 ※2 often は 「しばしば」と訳して文中に入れることも可能ですが,文末で 「~が多い」 とした方 がすっきりした訳文になります。 ※3 この文の is defined by ~ の訳語として「〜によって定義される」 は不適切です。 「~によっ て決められる」 なら可です。 ※ 4 through which you perceive it を 「それを通してそれを認識する」とすると不自然な訳文に なります。筆者が言いたいことを理解してから訳してください。

このマーカーのとこの文構造を教えて欲しいです。 左の見えづらいとこはsupposedとreproducedです。

is vague best and that issues and dynamics traditionally bestan 動 pposed to be confined to the former cross over into the latter and are fand reproduced there but also the reverse. People's (B),aldives and their lationships to those with whom they live together, are subject to many 201

(C)に当てはまる単語を選び形を変えて入れる問題です。入る単語はlookで、回答はlooksでしたがなぜlookedがダメなのかが分かりません。理由を教えて欲しいです。

d times ir way in the early morning hours. Another concern has to do with the cost implications of delaying school start - an ever-present issue in the age of increasingly tight school budgets, and decreasing tax revenues. The move could lead to a range of initial up-front costs, with budget-watchers worried most ( 2 ) costs/associated with changing bus schedules and additional lighting for athletic fields because after-school activities would be pushed later in the day. However, our recently released research for the RAND Corporation ( B ) that delaying school start times to 8:30 a.m. could actually result in significant economic statewide benefits that would be realized within a matter of years. Over the span of about a decade, the United States could stand to make financial gains of around $83 billion if teenagers were able to get more sleep. In California alone the financial gains would be just over $10 billion. Within even two years, most states would break even in terms of the initial costs of the move versus the economic benefits. These gains are based on a macroeconomic model that ( C ) at two key effects of better-rested teens: improved academic performance and reduced motor vehicle crashes. In terms of academic performance, research published ( 3 ) the apt title

(4)について This is why にしてしまいました。　 This is becauseというようなThis is whyの表現ではだめな理由を教えてください

(60分) Ⅰ 次の英文を読んで、下の設問 (1)~ (11) の語には注が付いています。 に答えなさい。 なお、 Food is fuel. When your body needs energy, you eat. When it doesn't you don't. It should be so simple when you think about it, but that's exactly the problem: us big smart humans can and do think about it, (, introduces all manner of problems and neuroses*. Have you noticed how you always have "room for dessert"? You might have just eaten the best part of a cow, or enough cheesy pasta to sink a gondola, but you can manage that fudge brownie or sundae. Why? How? If your stomach is full, how ice cream triple-scoop b) eating more even physically possible? It's largely because your brain makes an executive decision and decides that, no, you still have room. The sweetness of desserts is a palpable* reward (7)that the brain recognizes and wants so it overrules the stomach. C Exactly {c case is ③ is 4 the this why) uncertain. It may be that humans need quite a complex diet in order to remain in tip-top* condition, so rather than just relying on our basic metabolic systems to eat whatever is available, the brain steps in and tries to regulate our diet better. And this would be fine if that was all the brain does. But it doesn't. So it isn't. Learned associations are incredibly powerful when it comes ( d ) eating. You may be a big fan of something like, say, cake. You can be eating cake for years without any bother, then one day you eat some cake that makes you vomit. Could be some of the cream in it has gone sour; it might contain an ingredient you're allergic to; or (and here's the annoying one) it could be that something else entirely made you throw up shortly after eating cake. out of The disgust eating poiso g And it consider th The brain than food, it doesn't worryingl needlessl one of li shovelin the brai (注) (1) (2

「failure to adhere」がなぜ「従わないと」という訳になるのですか？？

234 Failure to adhere to the following guidelines | may result in disciplinary action. failure [féiljar] Dadhere [ædhíǝr] 名失敗、不具合 関 power failure (停電) (規則や法律等に) 忠実に従う、接着する 関 adhesive (接着剤) 「くっつく、接着する」が原義の重要語。 adhere to X (Xに忠実に従う) の形で押さえ よう。 例 adhere to company policies (会社の規程に忠実に従う) 同様に、 「規則や基準等に従う」の意味を表す conform to 302 / comply with 318 / abide by も覚えておこう。 例 abide by the terms of a contract (契約条件に従う) 形以下の、次の前に続いて following [fálouin|f51-] ■パート3・4・6・7のすべての設問文に入っている。 前置詞でも頻出 132 A guidelines [gáidlainz] 名指針、ガイドライン (通常複数形) 。 類 instruction (指示、説明書)、 direction (指示) 何かを行う際のガイドとなる指針のこと。 元々は、服を作る際、生地に描かれた切 り取り線のことだった。 result [rizÁlt] 動 (結果) 終わる、 (結果が) 生じる 名 結果 動詞の result は、result in X (結果としてXになる)、 result from X(Xの結果として 生じる) の形で前置詞とセットで押さえよう。 disciplinary action [disaplinèri|-plinari] 懲戒処分 関 discipline (規律、 [学問の]領域) 類 fine (罰金) TOEICの世界では、 「減給」 「降格」 「解雇」といった懲戒処分の規定はあっても、 実際にその対象となる人はいない。 針に従わないと、懲戒処分になる場合があります

赤線を引いているところがよくわからないのですが、まず、 1、母と議論するのは難しかったとありますが、何についての議論か 2、最後の分の「彼女は首に巻いた〜合図であった」は何を意味しているのでしょうか できれば要約をお願いしたいです🙇

14 第6問 次の文章を読み、下の問いに答えよ。 標準解答時間 9分 depressed. It was not the exam that made her feel that Christine came out of her last examination, feeling way, but the fact that it was the last one; it meant the end of the school year. She dropped in at the coffee 5 as usual, then went home early because there didn't 10 seem to be anything else to do. shop "Is that you, dear?" her mother called from the living room. She must have heard the front door close. Christine went in and sat on the sofa. "How was your exam, dear?" her mother asked. "Fine," said Christine flatly. It had been fine; she had passed. She was not a brilliant student, she knew, but she was hard-working. Her professors always wrote things like "A serious attempt" and "Well thought out but 15 perhaps lacking in energy" on her term papers; they gave her Bs, the occasional B*. She was taking Political Science and Economics, and hoped to get a job with the government after she graduated; with her father's connections she had a good chance. 20 "That's nice." Christine felt, bitterly, that her mother had only a vague idea of what an exam was. She was arranging roses in a vase; she had rubber gloves on to protect her hands as she always did when engaged in what she 25 called 'housework.' As far as Christine could tell, her housework consisted of arranging flowers in vases. Sometimes she cooked elegantly, but she thought of it as a hobby. It was hard, anyway, to argue with her mother. She was so easily upset that it was better to avoid 30 arguing with her.